|
Jože Javoršek was the pen name of Jože Brejc (20 October 1920 – 2 September 1990), a Slovenian playwright, writer, poet, translator and essayist.〔(Jože Javoršek: Povečevalno steklo )〕 He is regarded as one of the greatest masters of style and language among Slovene authors.〔(Občina Velike Lašče )〕 A complex thinker and controversial personality, Javoršek is frequently considered, together with the writer Vitomil Zupan, as the paradigmatic example of the World War II and postwar generation of Slovene intellectuals.〔Franc Zadravec: ''Slovenski roman dvajsetega stoletja'' (Ljubljana: Znanstveni inštitut Filozofske fakultete, 2002)〕 == Life == Javoršek was born as Jože Brejc in the small Lower Carniolan town of Velike Lašče, in what was then the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. He studied comparative literature at the University of Ljubljana.〔 During his student years, he became involved with Slovenian Christian Socialist groups, where he met the poet and thinker Edvard Kocbek.〔http://www.druzina.net/ICD/spletnastran.nsf/all/1780BD57FFDC2CE1C12573150030B72B?OpenDocument〕 Kocbek had a huge influence on Javoršek, encouraging him to pursue a literary career. During World War II, Javoršek joined the partisan resistance, where he fought alongside later philosopher and literary critic Dušan Pirjevec Ahac and writer Vitomil Zupan. It was during his underground activity in the Italian-occupied Province of Ljubljana that he adopted the pseudonym Jože Javoršek. After the end of the War in 1945, he worked as the personal secretary of Edvard Kocbek, who was appointed Minister for Slovenia in the Yugoslav government.〔http://www.ff.uni-lj.si/oddelki/primknjz/zapiski/absurd.doc〕 He continued his studies at the French Sorbonne and shortly worked as assistant at the Yugoslav embassy in Paris. In the French capital, he frequented the circles of French left-wing intellectuals; among others, he became acquainted with Albert Camus and established a close friendship with Louis Guilloux, Gérard Philipe and Marcel Schneider. He returned to Slovenia in 1948. The next year, he was imprisoned by the Communist authorities and sentenced to 12 years in prison at a show trial.〔 He was released in 1952, but rehabilitated only shortly before his death in 1990. After returning to liberty, he mostly worked as a playwright and stage director in several Slovene language theatres in Ljubljana. During this time, he was among the first who introduced the surrealist and absurdist elements on Slovenian and Yugoslav stages.〔(Eurozine - O tem, kar je, in o tem, kar še bo.Uvod v tematsko številko o mladi slovenski dramatiki - Primoz Jesenko )〕 He established close contacts with the stage directors Žarko Petan and Bojan Štih who both shared some of Javoršek's modernist and progressive esthetic views. Javoršek managed to stage several plays based on the theories of Antonin Artaud and Alfred Jarry in the Drama Theatre of Ljubljana, directed by Štih. Because of this innovative approach that challenged the cultural policies of the Communist regime, Javoršek gained influence on the younger generation of Slovene artists and authors, known as the Critical generation, who departed from the prevailing humanistic and intimistic trend in Slovenian culture and literature of the time and embraced more metaphysical questions. Among those young authors were Dominik Smole, Taras Kermauner, Primož Kozak, and others.〔(Taras Kermauner: Pismo Franciju Križaju )〕〔(Odprti kop - Intervju: Dr. Taras Kermauner )〕 Javoršek had nevertheless a critical attitude to the younger generations and often disapproved their radical modernist approaches. Between 1961 and 1967, Javoršek worked as an assistant at the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts and between 1967 and 1982 as secretary in the office of the Academy's president Josip Vidmar.〔 He died in Ljubljana in 1990 and was buried in his hometown of Velike Lašče. A memorial plaque, designed by the famous Slovene sculptor Stojan Batič, was placed on his birth house in the 1990s. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jože Javoršek」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|